Tobacco use, Body Mass Index, and Potentially Malignant Disorders among
petrol fillers in Pimpri-Pune (India): A descriptive study

Mamatha G.S. Reddy; Pradnya V. Kakodkar; Akanksha Singh

doi:10.4103/2278-330X.142954

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TABACCO, THE MENACE : Original Article

03 (

); 196-199

doi:

10.4103/2278-330X.142954

Tobacco use, Body Mass Index, and Potentially Malignant Disorders among petrol fillers in Pimpri-Pune (India): A descriptive study

Mamatha G.S. Reddy^1,, Pradnya V. Kakodkar², Akanksha Singh³

1 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil University′s, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri

2 Medilinkers Research Consultancy. Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pune, Maharashtra

3 Dental Student, Dr. D. Y. Patil University′s, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri

*Corresponding author: Dr. Mamatha GS Reddy. drmamatha78@gmail.com

Published: 2020-12-31

MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

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Abstract

Background: Since petrol is combustible and smoking is banned at the petrol pumps, it may be predicted that use of smokeless tobacco is more prevalent among the petrol fillers. Also, smokeless tobacco is a major risk factor for developing oral potentially malignant disorders. The present study was conducted to determine the tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), and potentially malignant disorders among a cohort of petrol fillers and also to evaluate the interaction of tobacco use and BMI with the presence of potentially malignant disorders. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at 45 petrol stations located at Pimpri-Pune, India. A descriptive study design was used. Materials and Method: Four hundred and ten petrol fillers aged 17-64 years participated in the study. General information and tobacco history was obtained by interview. Height and weight were recorded to obtain BMI. Oral examination was conducted to identify the potentially malignant disorders. Statistical analysis: Chi-square test, Z test, and logistic regression were used. The level of significance was fixed at 5%. Results and Conclusions: It was found that 242 (59.02%) used tobacco in different forms. 77.68% were tobacco chewers, and 8.26% were smokers. Leukoplakia was prevalent among 68.47%, oral submucous fibrosis among 27.45%, and 5.08% had erythroplakia. Age (χ² = 11.46, P < 0.05), duration (χ² = 17.46, P < 0.05), and frequency of tobacco chewing (χ² = 14.16, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with potentially malignant disorders. Tobacco chewing was more prevalent as compared to smoking. It can be concluded that the petrol fillers are at a high risk for developing oral potentially malignant disorders.

Keywords

Acknowledgment

This study was funded by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) under Short Term Studentship (STS) project - 2011. The authors wish to thank Medilinkers Research Consultancy for assistance in statistical analysis and editing the manuscript.

References

Akintonwa A, Oladele TT. Health effect of exposure to hydrocarbon on petrol filling station attendants in Lagos. Nig Q J Hosp Med 2003;13:88-92.
Singaraju M, Singaraju S, Parwani R, Wanjari S. Cytogenetic biomonitoring in petrol station attendants: A micronucleus study. J Cytol 2012;29:1-5.
Bindhiya S, Balchandra V, Sudha S, Mohana Devi S, Varsha P, Kandasamy K, et al. Assessment of occupational cytogenetic risk among petrol station workers. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2010;85:121-4.
Pandey AK, Bajpayee M, Parmar D, Kumar R, Rastogi SK, Mathur N, et al. Multipronged evaluation of genotoxicity in Indian petrol-pump workers. Environ Mol Mutagen 2008;49:695-707.
Sahb AA. Hematological assessment of gasoline exposure among petrol filling workers in Baghdad. Fac Med Baghdad 2011;53:396-400.
Uzma N, Salar BM, Kumar BS, Aziz N, David MA, Reddy VD. Impact of organic solvents and environmental pollutants on the physiological function in petrol filling workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2008;5:139-46.
Aprajita, Panwar NK, Sharma RS. A study on the lung function tests in petrol-pump workers. J Clin Diag Res 2011;5:1046-50.
Warnakulasuriya S, Johnson NW, Van der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:575-80.
Thomas G, Hashibe M, Jacob BJ, Ramdas K, Mathew B, Sankarnarayanan R, et al. Risk factors for multiple oral premalignant lesions. Int J Cancer 2003;107:285-91.
Molarius A, Seidell JC. Differences in the association between smoking and relative body weight by level of education. Int J Obes Metab Disord 1997;21:189-96.
Kabat GC, Chang CJ, Wynder EL. The role of tobacco, alcohol use, and Body Mass Index in oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:1137-44.
Godschalk RW, Feldker DE, Borm PJ, Wouters EF, Van Schooten FJ. Body mass index modulates aromatic DNA adduct levels and their persistence in smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomar Prev 2002;11:790-3.
Pednekar MS, Gupta PC, Shukla HC, Hebert JR. Association between tobacco use and body mass index in urban Indian Population: Implications for public health in India. BMC Public Health 2006;6:70.
Sheiham A, Steele JG, Marcenes W, Finch S, Walls AW. The relationship between oral health status and Body Mass Index among older people: A national survey of older people in Great Britain. Br Dent J 2002;192:703-6.
Gupta R. Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India. Indian J Med Res 2006;124:15-22.
Hashibe M, Jacob BJ, Thomas G, Ramadas K, Matthew B, Sankaranarayanan R, et al. Socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors and oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol 2003;39:664-71.
Report on Tobacco control in India (2004). Available from: http://mohfw.nic.in/WriteReadData/l892s/911379183TobaccocontroinIndia_10Dec04.pdf [Last accessed on 2012 Aug 23].
Mehrotra R, Pandya S, Chaudhary AK, Kumar M, Singh M. Prevalence of oral pre-malignant and malignant lesions at a tertiary level hospital in Allahabad, India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2008;9:263-6.
Ariyawardana A, Sitheeque MA, Ranasinghe AW, Parera I, Tilakratne WM, Amaratunga EA, et al. Prevalence of cancer and pre-cancer and associated risk factors among tea estate workers in the central Sri Lanka. J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:581-7.
Mehrotra R, Thomas S, Nair P, Pandya S, Singh M, Nigam NS, et al. Prevalance of soft tissue lesions in Vidisha. BMC Res Notes 2010;3:23.
Hashibe M, Sankaranayanan R, Thomas G, Kuruvilla B, Matthew B, Somanathan T, et al. Alcohol drinking, Body Mass Index and risk of oral leukoplakia in an Indian population. Int J Cancer 2000;88:129-34.
Hashibe M, Sankaranayanan R, Thomas G, Kuruvilla B, Matthew B, Somanathan T, et al. Body Mass Index, tobacco chewing, alcohol drinking and the risk of oral submucous fibrosis in Kerela, India. Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:55-64.
Li L, Psoter WJ, Buxó CJ, Elias A, Cuadrado L, Morse DE. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral potentially malignant disorders in Puerto Rico: A case-control study. BMC Cancer 2011;11:324.
Çelik A, Çava T, Ergene Gözükara S. Cytogenetic biomonitoring in petrol station attendants: Micronucleus test in exfoliated buccal cells. Mutagenesis 2003;18:417-21.
Livingston GK, Reed RN, Olson BL, Lockey JE. Induction of nuclear aberrations by smokeless tobacco in epithelial cells of human oral mucosa. Environ Mol Mutagen 1990;5:136-44.

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[1] Akintonwa A, Oladele TT. Health effect of exposure to hydrocarbon on petrol filling station attendants in Lagos. Nig Q J Hosp Med 2003;13:88-92.

[2] Singaraju M, Singaraju S, Parwani R, Wanjari S. Cytogenetic biomonitoring in petrol station attendants: A micronucleus study. J Cytol 2012;29:1-5.

[3] Bindhiya S, Balchandra V, Sudha S, Mohana Devi S, Varsha P, Kandasamy K, et al. Assessment of occupational cytogenetic risk among petrol station workers. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2010;85:121-4.

[4] Pandey AK, Bajpayee M, Parmar D, Kumar R, Rastogi SK, Mathur N, et al. Multipronged evaluation of genotoxicity in Indian petrol-pump workers. Environ Mol Mutagen 2008;49:695-707.

[5] Sahb AA. Hematological assessment of gasoline exposure among petrol filling workers in Baghdad. Fac Med Baghdad 2011;53:396-400.

[6] Uzma N, Salar BM, Kumar BS, Aziz N, David MA, Reddy VD. Impact of organic solvents and environmental pollutants on the physiological function in petrol filling workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2008;5:139-46.

[7] Aprajita, Panwar NK, Sharma RS. A study on the lung function tests in petrol-pump workers. J Clin Diag Res 2011;5:1046-50.

[8] Warnakulasuriya S, Johnson NW, Van der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:575-80.

[9] Thomas G, Hashibe M, Jacob BJ, Ramdas K, Mathew B, Sankarnarayanan R, et al. Risk factors for multiple oral premalignant lesions. Int J Cancer 2003;107:285-91.

[10] Molarius A, Seidell JC. Differences in the association between smoking and relative body weight by level of education. Int J Obes Metab Disord 1997;21:189-96.

[11] Kabat GC, Chang CJ, Wynder EL. The role of tobacco, alcohol use, and Body Mass Index in oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:1137-44.

[12] Godschalk RW, Feldker DE, Borm PJ, Wouters EF, Van Schooten FJ. Body mass index modulates aromatic DNA adduct levels and their persistence in smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomar Prev 2002;11:790-3.

[13] Pednekar MS, Gupta PC, Shukla HC, Hebert JR. Association between tobacco use and body mass index in urban Indian Population: Implications for public health in India. BMC Public Health 2006;6:70.

[14] Sheiham A, Steele JG, Marcenes W, Finch S, Walls AW. The relationship between oral health status and Body Mass Index among older people: A national survey of older people in Great Britain. Br Dent J 2002;192:703-6.

[15] Gupta R. Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India. Indian J Med Res 2006;124:15-22.

[16] Hashibe M, Jacob BJ, Thomas G, Ramadas K, Matthew B, Sankaranarayanan R, et al. Socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors and oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol 2003;39:664-71.

[17] Report on Tobacco control in India (2004). Available from: http://mohfw.nic.in/WriteReadData/l892s/911379183TobaccocontroinIndia_10Dec04.pdf [Last accessed on 2012 Aug 23].

[18] Mehrotra R, Pandya S, Chaudhary AK, Kumar M, Singh M. Prevalence of oral pre-malignant and malignant lesions at a tertiary level hospital in Allahabad, India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2008;9:263-6.

[19] Ariyawardana A, Sitheeque MA, Ranasinghe AW, Parera I, Tilakratne WM, Amaratunga EA, et al. Prevalence of cancer and pre-cancer and associated risk factors among tea estate workers in the central Sri Lanka. J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:581-7.

[20] Mehrotra R, Thomas S, Nair P, Pandya S, Singh M, Nigam NS, et al. Prevalance of soft tissue lesions in Vidisha. BMC Res Notes 2010;3:23.

[21] Hashibe M, Sankaranayanan R, Thomas G, Kuruvilla B, Matthew B, Somanathan T, et al. Alcohol drinking, Body Mass Index and risk of oral leukoplakia in an Indian population. Int J Cancer 2000;88:129-34.

[22] Hashibe M, Sankaranayanan R, Thomas G, Kuruvilla B, Matthew B, Somanathan T, et al. Body Mass Index, tobacco chewing, alcohol drinking and the risk of oral submucous fibrosis in Kerela, India. Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:55-64.

[23] Li L, Psoter WJ, Buxó CJ, Elias A, Cuadrado L, Morse DE. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral potentially malignant disorders in Puerto Rico: A case-control study. BMC Cancer 2011;11:324.

[24] Çelik A, Çava T, Ergene Gözükara S. Cytogenetic biomonitoring in petrol station attendants: Micronucleus test in exfoliated buccal cells. Mutagenesis 2003;18:417-21.

[25] Livingston GK, Reed RN, Olson BL, Lockey JE. Induction of nuclear aberrations by smokeless tobacco in epithelial cells of human oral mucosa. Environ Mol Mutagen 1990;5:136-44.

Tobacco use, Body Mass Index, and Potentially Malignant Disorders among petrol fillers in Pimpri-Pune (India): A descriptive study

Abstract

Abstract

Keywords

Acknowledgment

References

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