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None
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Oncology Reflections
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Pictorial CME, Haematological
Poetry in Oncology
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RCC Practical Consensus Recommendations
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SOUTH ASIAN UPDATE : Original Article
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THE CUTTING EDGE OF RADIOTHERAPEUTICS : Original Article
THE GREAT DEBATE: Against HPV vaccine in cervical cancer
THE GREAT DEBATE: AGAINST IMATINIB AS THE FIRST LINE TKI CHOICE FOR CML
THE GREAT DEBATE: Editorial-HPV vaccine in cervical cancer
THE GREAT DEBATE: For HPV vaccine in cervical cancer
THE GREAT DEBATE: FOR IMATINIB AS THE FIRST LINE TKI CHOICE FOR CML
THE GREY-HAIRED CANCER PATIENT: Editorial
THE GREY-HAIRED CANCER PATIENT: Original Article
THE SKILLFUL SCALPEL: Editorial
THE SKILLFUL SCALPEL: Original Article
THE WAR ON MICROBES: Editorial
THE WAR ON MICROBES: Original Article
THROUGH THE MICROSCOPE : Original Article
THROUGH THE MICROSCOPE: Editorial
TREATMENT TOXICITY : Original Article
TRENDS IN HORMONAL THERAPY IN PROSTATE CANCER: Review Article
URO-ONCOLOGY : Original Article
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Genitourinary Cancers
08 (
03
); 150-159
doi:
10.4103/sajc.sajc_245_18

Prostate cancer survival estimates: An application with piecewise hazard function derivation

Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, The Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharastra, India

*Corresponding author: Dr. Atanu Bhattacharjee. atanustat@gmail.com

Licence
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, transform, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Disclaimer:
This article was originally published by Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. and was migrated to Scientific Scholar after the change of Publisher.

Abstract

Abstract

Background: The hazard function is defined as time-dependent. However, it is an overlooked area of research about the estimation of hazard function within the frame of time. The possible explanation could be carried by estimating function through the changes of time points. It is expected that it will provide us the overall idea of survival trend. This work is dedicated to propose a method to work with piecewise hazard rate. It is a data-driven method and provides us the estimates of hazard function with different time points. Methods: The proposed method is explored with prostate cancer patients, registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and having aged at diagnosis with range 40–80 years and above. A total of 610,814 patients are included in this study. The piecewise hazard rate is formulated to serve the objective. The measurement of piecewise hazard rate is compared with Wald-type test statistics, and corresponding R function is provided. The duration of follow-ups is split into different intervals to obtain the piecewise hazard rate estimates. Results: The maximum duration of follow-up observed in this study is 40 years. The piecewise hazard rate changes at different intervals of follow-ups are observed almost same except few later intervals in the follow-up. The likelihood of hazard in earlier aged patients observed lower in comparison to older patients. The hazard rates in different grades of prostate cancer also observed separately. Conclusion: The application of piecewise hazard helps to generate statistical inference in a deeper manner. This analysis will provide us the better understanding of a requirement of effective treatment toward prolonged survival benefit for different aged patients.

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Appendix

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