Organ preservation strategies: Review of literature and their applicability in developing nations

Mitali Dandekar; Anil D'Cruz

doi:10.4103/2278-330X.136764

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MINI SYMPOSIUM: HEAD AND NECK CANCER : Review Article

03 (

); 147-150

doi:

10.4103/2278-330X.136764

Organ preservation strategies: Review of literature and their applicability in developing nations

Mitali Dandekar¹, Anil D'Cruz^1,

1 Department of Head Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding author: Dr. D’Cruz Anil. docdcruz@gmail.com

Published: 2020-12-31

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Abstract

There has been a change in practice in locally advanced laryngopharyngeal cancers toward non-surgical treatment modalities. Although, there have been landmark trials pertinent to organ preservation, their applicability in developing nations is a topic of much debate. The organ preservation concept was based on the findings of pivotal trials by the Veterans Affairs, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer group and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Subsequently numerous studies have been designed to evaluate intensification of treatment as well as study toxicity and tolerability. This review critically analyses current evidence for larynx preservation, experience from various centers on organ preservation strategies as well as applicability of these protocols to developing nations.

Keywords

References

Ensley JF, Jacobs JR, Weaver A, Kinzie J, Crissman J, Kish JA, et al. Correlation between response to cisplatinum-combination chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced squamous cell cancers of the head and neck. Cancer 1984;54:811-4.
Induction chemotherapy plus radiation compared with surgery plus radiation in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1685-90.
Lefebvre JL, Chevalier D, Luboinski B, Kirkpatrick A, Collette L, Sahmoud T. Larynx preservation in pyriform sinus cancer: Preliminary results of a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer phase III trial. EORTC Head and Neck Cancer Cooperative Group. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:890-9.
Lefebvre JL, Andry G, Chevalier D, Luboinski B, Collette L, Traissac L, et al. Laryngeal preservation with induction chemotherapy for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: 10-year results of EORTC trial 24891. Ann Oncol 2012;23:2708-14.
Richard JM, Sancho-Garnier H, Pessey JJ, Luboinski B, Lefebvre JL, Dehesdin D, et al. Randomized trial of induction chemotherapy in larynx carcinoma. Oral Oncol 1998;34:224-8.
Forastiere AA, Goepfert H, Maor M, Pajak TF, Weber R, Morrison W, et al. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2091-8.
Pignon JP, le Maître A, Maillard E, Bourhis J, MACH-NC Collaborative Group. Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): An update on 93 randomised trials and 17,346 patients. Radiother Oncol 2009;92:4-14.
Prades JM, Lallemant B, Garrel R, Reyt E, Righini C, Schmitt T, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy to concomitant chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal preservation in T3M0 pyriform sinus carcinoma. Acta Otolaryngol 2010;130:150-5.
Forastiere AA, Zhang Q, Weber RS, Maor MH, Goepfert H, Pajak TF, et al. Long-term results of RTOG 91-11: A comparison of three nonsurgical treatment strategies to preserve the larynx in patients with locally advanced larynx cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:845-52.
Corry J, Peters L, Kleid S, Rischin D. Larynx preservation for patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:840-4.
Bonner JA, Harari PM, Giralt J, Azarnia N, Shin DM, Cohen RB, et al. Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 2006;354:567-78.
Overgaard J, Hansen HS, Specht L, Overgaard M, Grau C, Andersen E, et al. Five compared with six fractions per week of conventional radiotherapy of squamous-cell carcinoma of head and neck: DAHANCA 6 and 7 randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;362:933-40.
Posner MR, Hershock DM, Blajman CR, Mickiewicz E, Winquist E, Gorbounova V, et al. Cisplatin and fluorouracil alone or with docetaxel in head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1705-15.
Calais G, Pointreau Y, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Tuchais C, Tortochaux J, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing induction chemotherapy using cisplatin (P) fluorouracil (F) with or without docetaxel (T) for organ preservation in hypopharynx and larynx cancer. Preliminary results of GORTEC 2000-01. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:5506.
Lefebvre JL, Pointreau Y, Rolland F, Alfonsi M, Baudoux A, Sire C, et al. Induction chemotherapy followed by either chemoradiotherapy or bioradiotherapy for larynx preservation: The TREMPLIN randomized phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:853-9.
Lefebvre JL, Ang KK, Larynx Preservation Consensus Panel. Larynx preservation clinical trial design: Key issues and recommendations - A consensus panel summary. Head Neck 2009;31:429-41.
Chen AY, Halpern M. Factors predictive of survival in advanced laryngeal cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;133:1270-6.
Hoffman HT, Porter K, Karnell LH, Cooper JS, Weber RS, Langer CJ, et al. Laryngeal cancer in the United States: Changes in demographics, patterns of care, and survival. Laryngoscope 2006;116:1-13.
Taguchi T, Nishimura G, Takahashi M, Komatsu M, Sano D, Sakuma N, et al. Treatment results and prognostic factors for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013;72:837-43.
Kogashiwa Y, Yamauchi K, Nagafuji H, Matsuda T, Tsubosaka T, Tsutsumi T, et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for organ function preservation in advanced patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. Oncol Rep 2009;22:1163-7.
Nishimura G, Tsukuda M, Horiuchi C, Satake K, Yoshida T, Nagao J, et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for T4 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Auris Nasus Larynx 2007;34:499-504.
Rades D, Schroeder U, Bajrovic A, Schild SE. Radiochemotherapy versus surgery plus radio (chemo) therapy for stage T3/T4 larynx and hypopharynx cancer-Results of a matched-pair analysis. Eur J Cancer 2011;47:2729-34.
Lambert L, Fortin B, Soulières D, Guertin L, Coulombe G, Charpentier D, et al. Organ preservation with concurrent chemoradiation for advanced laryngeal cancer: Are we succeeding? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:398-402.
Sassler AM, Esclamado RM, Wolf GT. Surgery after organ preservation therapy. Analysis of wound complications. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:162-5.
Weber RS, Berkey BA, Forastiere A, Cooper J, Maor M, Goepfert H, et al. Outcome of salvage total laryngectomy following organ preservation therapy: The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial 91-11. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:44-9.
Sanabria A, Domenge C, D′cruz A, Kowalski LP. Organ preservation protocols in developing countries. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010;18:83-8.
Trivedi NP, Kekatpure VD, Trivedi NN, Kuriakose MA, Shetkar G, Manjula BV. Feasibility of organ-preservation strategies in head and neck cancer in developing countries. Indian J Cancer 2012;49:15-20.
Kulkarni MR. Head and neck cancer burden in India. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013;4:29-35.
Popescu CR, Bertesteanu SV, Mirea D, Grigore R, lonescu D, Popescu B. The epidemiology of hypopharynx and cervical esophagus cancer. J Med Life 2010;3:396-401.
Gupta T, Agarwal JP, Ghosh-Laskar S, Parikh PM, D′Cruz AK, Dinshaw KA. Radical radiotherapy with concurrent weekly cisplatin in loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A single-institution experience. Head Neck Oncol 2009;1:17.
Brizel DM, Esclamado R. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced, nonmetastatic, squamous carcinoma of the head and neck: Consensus, controversy, and conundrum. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:2612-7.
Overgaard J, Mohanti BK, Begum N, Ali R, Agarwal JP, Kuddu M, et al. Five versus six fractions of radiotherapy per week for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (IAEA-ACC study): A randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:553-60.
Joshi P, Patil V, Joshi A, Norohna V, Chaturvedi P, Chaukar D, et al. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Indian J Cancer 2013;50:25-30.
Gupta T, Chopra S, Agarwal JP, Laskar SG, D′cruz AK, Shrivastava SK, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx: Single-institution outcome analysis of a large cohort of patients treated with primary non-surgical approaches. Acta Oncol 2009;48:541-48.
Trivedi NP, Swaminathan DK, Thankappan K, Chatni S, Kuriakose MA, Iyer S. Comparison of quality of life in advanced laryngeal cancer patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy vs total laryngectomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008;139:702-7.
Takes RP, Strojan P, Silver CE, Bradley PJ, Haigentz M Jr, Wolf GT, et al. Current trends in initial management of hypopharyngeal cancer: The declining use of open surgery. Head Neck 2012;34:270-81.
Denaro N, Russi EG, Lefebvre JL, Merlano MC. A systematic review of current and emerging approaches in the field of larynx preservation. Radiother Oncol 2013 doi: 10.1016/j.radonc. 2013.08.016. [Epub ahead of print]
Holgersson G, Ekman S, Reizenstein J, Bergqvist M, Pontén F, Uhlén M, et al. Molecular profiling using tissue microarrays as a tool to identify predictive biomarkers in laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2010;7:1-7.

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[1] Ensley JF, Jacobs JR, Weaver A, Kinzie J, Crissman J, Kish JA, et al. Correlation between response to cisplatinum-combination chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced squamous cell cancers of the head and neck. Cancer 1984;54:811-4.

[2] Induction chemotherapy plus radiation compared with surgery plus radiation in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1685-90.

[3] Lefebvre JL, Chevalier D, Luboinski B, Kirkpatrick A, Collette L, Sahmoud T. Larynx preservation in pyriform sinus cancer: Preliminary results of a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer phase III trial. EORTC Head and Neck Cancer Cooperative Group. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:890-9.

[4] Lefebvre JL, Andry G, Chevalier D, Luboinski B, Collette L, Traissac L, et al. Laryngeal preservation with induction chemotherapy for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: 10-year results of EORTC trial 24891. Ann Oncol 2012;23:2708-14.

[5] Richard JM, Sancho-Garnier H, Pessey JJ, Luboinski B, Lefebvre JL, Dehesdin D, et al. Randomized trial of induction chemotherapy in larynx carcinoma. Oral Oncol 1998;34:224-8.

[6] Forastiere AA, Goepfert H, Maor M, Pajak TF, Weber R, Morrison W, et al. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2091-8.

[7] Pignon JP, le Maître A, Maillard E, Bourhis J, MACH-NC Collaborative Group. Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): An update on 93 randomised trials and 17,346 patients. Radiother Oncol 2009;92:4-14.

[8] Prades JM, Lallemant B, Garrel R, Reyt E, Righini C, Schmitt T, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy to concomitant chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal preservation in T3M0 pyriform sinus carcinoma. Acta Otolaryngol 2010;130:150-5.

[9] Forastiere AA, Zhang Q, Weber RS, Maor MH, Goepfert H, Pajak TF, et al. Long-term results of RTOG 91-11: A comparison of three nonsurgical treatment strategies to preserve the larynx in patients with locally advanced larynx cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:845-52.

[10] Corry J, Peters L, Kleid S, Rischin D. Larynx preservation for patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:840-4.

[11] Bonner JA, Harari PM, Giralt J, Azarnia N, Shin DM, Cohen RB, et al. Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 2006;354:567-78.

[12] Overgaard J, Hansen HS, Specht L, Overgaard M, Grau C, Andersen E, et al. Five compared with six fractions per week of conventional radiotherapy of squamous-cell carcinoma of head and neck: DAHANCA 6 and 7 randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;362:933-40.

[13] Posner MR, Hershock DM, Blajman CR, Mickiewicz E, Winquist E, Gorbounova V, et al. Cisplatin and fluorouracil alone or with docetaxel in head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1705-15.

[14] Calais G, Pointreau Y, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Tuchais C, Tortochaux J, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing induction chemotherapy using cisplatin (P) fluorouracil (F) with or without docetaxel (T) for organ preservation in hypopharynx and larynx cancer. Preliminary results of GORTEC 2000-01. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:5506.

[15] Lefebvre JL, Pointreau Y, Rolland F, Alfonsi M, Baudoux A, Sire C, et al. Induction chemotherapy followed by either chemoradiotherapy or bioradiotherapy for larynx preservation: The TREMPLIN randomized phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:853-9.

[16] Lefebvre JL, Ang KK, Larynx Preservation Consensus Panel. Larynx preservation clinical trial design: Key issues and recommendations - A consensus panel summary. Head Neck 2009;31:429-41.

[17] Chen AY, Halpern M. Factors predictive of survival in advanced laryngeal cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;133:1270-6.

[18] Hoffman HT, Porter K, Karnell LH, Cooper JS, Weber RS, Langer CJ, et al. Laryngeal cancer in the United States: Changes in demographics, patterns of care, and survival. Laryngoscope 2006;116:1-13.

[19] Taguchi T, Nishimura G, Takahashi M, Komatsu M, Sano D, Sakuma N, et al. Treatment results and prognostic factors for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013;72:837-43.

[20] Kogashiwa Y, Yamauchi K, Nagafuji H, Matsuda T, Tsubosaka T, Tsutsumi T, et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for organ function preservation in advanced patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. Oncol Rep 2009;22:1163-7.

[21] Nishimura G, Tsukuda M, Horiuchi C, Satake K, Yoshida T, Nagao J, et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for T4 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Auris Nasus Larynx 2007;34:499-504.

[22] Rades D, Schroeder U, Bajrovic A, Schild SE. Radiochemotherapy versus surgery plus radio (chemo) therapy for stage T3/T4 larynx and hypopharynx cancer-Results of a matched-pair analysis. Eur J Cancer 2011;47:2729-34.

[23] Lambert L, Fortin B, Soulières D, Guertin L, Coulombe G, Charpentier D, et al. Organ preservation with concurrent chemoradiation for advanced laryngeal cancer: Are we succeeding? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:398-402.

[24] Sassler AM, Esclamado RM, Wolf GT. Surgery after organ preservation therapy. Analysis of wound complications. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:162-5.

[25] Weber RS, Berkey BA, Forastiere A, Cooper J, Maor M, Goepfert H, et al. Outcome of salvage total laryngectomy following organ preservation therapy: The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial 91-11. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:44-9.

[26] Sanabria A, Domenge C, D′cruz A, Kowalski LP. Organ preservation protocols in developing countries. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010;18:83-8.

[27] Trivedi NP, Kekatpure VD, Trivedi NN, Kuriakose MA, Shetkar G, Manjula BV. Feasibility of organ-preservation strategies in head and neck cancer in developing countries. Indian J Cancer 2012;49:15-20.

[28] Kulkarni MR. Head and neck cancer burden in India. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013;4:29-35.

[29] Popescu CR, Bertesteanu SV, Mirea D, Grigore R, lonescu D, Popescu B. The epidemiology of hypopharynx and cervical esophagus cancer. J Med Life 2010;3:396-401.

[30] Gupta T, Agarwal JP, Ghosh-Laskar S, Parikh PM, D′Cruz AK, Dinshaw KA. Radical radiotherapy with concurrent weekly cisplatin in loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A single-institution experience. Head Neck Oncol 2009;1:17.

[31] Brizel DM, Esclamado R. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced, nonmetastatic, squamous carcinoma of the head and neck: Consensus, controversy, and conundrum. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:2612-7.

[32] Overgaard J, Mohanti BK, Begum N, Ali R, Agarwal JP, Kuddu M, et al. Five versus six fractions of radiotherapy per week for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (IAEA-ACC study): A randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:553-60.

[33] Joshi P, Patil V, Joshi A, Norohna V, Chaturvedi P, Chaukar D, et al. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Indian J Cancer 2013;50:25-30.

[34] Gupta T, Chopra S, Agarwal JP, Laskar SG, D′cruz AK, Shrivastava SK, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx: Single-institution outcome analysis of a large cohort of patients treated with primary non-surgical approaches. Acta Oncol 2009;48:541-48.

[35] Trivedi NP, Swaminathan DK, Thankappan K, Chatni S, Kuriakose MA, Iyer S. Comparison of quality of life in advanced laryngeal cancer patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy vs total laryngectomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008;139:702-7.

[36] Takes RP, Strojan P, Silver CE, Bradley PJ, Haigentz M Jr, Wolf GT, et al. Current trends in initial management of hypopharyngeal cancer: The declining use of open surgery. Head Neck 2012;34:270-81.

[37] Denaro N, Russi EG, Lefebvre JL, Merlano MC. A systematic review of current and emerging approaches in the field of larynx preservation. Radiother Oncol 2013 doi: 10.1016/j.radonc. 2013.08.016. [Epub ahead of print]

[38] Holgersson G, Ekman S, Reizenstein J, Bergqvist M, Pontén F, Uhlén M, et al. Molecular profiling using tissue microarrays as a tool to identify predictive biomarkers in laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2010;7:1-7.

Organ preservation strategies: Review of literature and their applicability in developing nations

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