Modified metabolic syndrome and second cancers in women: A case control study

Carlos-Manuel Ortiz-Mendoza; Ernesto Pérez-Chávez; Tania-Angélica De-la Fuente-Vera

doi:10.4103/2278-330X.195341

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CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY: Original Article

05 (

); 189-191

doi:

10.4103/2278-330X.195341

Modified metabolic syndrome and second cancers in women: A case control study

Carlos-Manuel Ortiz-Mendoza^1,, Ernesto Pérez-Chávez², Tania-Angélica De-la Fuente-Vera²

1 Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City

2 Department of General Surgery, Hospital General Tacuba, ISSSTE, Mexico City

*Corresponding author: Dr. Carlos-Manuel Ortiz-Mendoza. cortizmendoza@yahoo.com.mx

Published: 2020-12-28

MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

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Abstract

Background: According to some studies, the metabolic syndrome causes diverse primary cancers; however, there is no evidence about metabolic syndrome impact on second cancers development in women. Aim: To find out the implication of the modified metabolic syndrome in women with second cancers. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study, at a general hospital in Mexico City, in women with second cancers (cases) and age-matched women with only one neoplasm (controls). The analysis comprised: Tumor (s), anthropometric features, and body mass index (BMI); moreover, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Results: The sample was of nine cases and 27 controls. In cases, the metabolic syndrome (diabetes mellitus or glucose > 99 mg/dL + hypertension or blood pressure ≥ 135/85 mm Hg + triglycerides > 149 mg/dL or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m ² ) was more frequent (odds ratio 20.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.9-227.1). Conclusion: Our results suggest that in women, the modified metabolic syndrome may be a risk factor for second cancers.

Keywords

Acknowledgment

We thank to Dr. Dieter Mascher Gramlich, for his invaluable opinions about the final draft of the manuscript and contributed immensely to its improvement.

References

Edgington A, Morgan MA. Looking beyond recurrence: Comorbidities in cancer survivors. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2011;15:E3-12.
Valdivieso M, Kujawa AM, Jones T, Baker LH. Cancer survivors in the United States: A review of the literature and a call to action. Int J Med Sci 2012;9:163-73.
Irimie A, Achimas-Cadariu P, Burz C, Puscas E. Multiple primary malignancies- Epidemiological analysis at a single tertiary institution. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2010;19:69-73.
VanderWalde AM, Hurria A. Second malignancies among elderly survivors of cancer. Oncologist 2011;16:1572-81.
Youlden DR, Baade PD. The relative risk of second primary cancers in Queensland, Australia: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2011;11:83.
Reeves GK, Pirie K, Beral V, Green J, Spencer E, Bull D, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality in relation to body mass index in the Million Women Study: Cohort study. BMJ 2007;335:1134.
Li CI, Daling JR, Porter PL, Tang MT, Malone KE. Relationship between potentially modifiable lifestyle factors and risk of second primary contralateral breast cancer among women diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:5312-8.
Pi-Sunyer X. The medical risks of obesity. Postgrad Med 2009;121:21-33.
Maskarinec G, Pagano I, Lurie G, Bantum E, Gotay CC, Issell BF. Factors affecting survival among women with breast cancer in Hawaii. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011;20:231-7.
Brooks JD, John EM, Mellemkjær L, Reiner AS, Malone KE, Lynch CF, et al. Body mass index and risk of second primary breast cancer: The WECARE Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;131:571-80.
De Haas EC, Oosting SF, Lefrandt JD, Wolffenbuttel BH, Sleijfer DT, Gietema JA. The metabolic Syndrome in cancer survivors. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:193-203.
Russo A, Autelitano M, Bisanti L. Metabolic syndrome and cancer risk. Eur J Cancer 2008;44:293-7.
Elder JP. Mexico and the USA: The world′s leaders in the obesity epidemic. Salud Publica Mex 2013;55 Suppl 3:355.
Cárdenas-Sánchez J, Erazo-Valle A, Maafs E, Poitevin A. National consensus on diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Fourth revision. Colima, Mexico. GAMO 2011;10:1-58.
Agnoli C, Berrino F, Abagnato CA, Muti P, Panico S, Crosignani P, et al. Metabolic syndrome and postmenopausal breast cancer in the ORDET cohort: A nested case-control study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010;20:41-8.
Bjørge T, Lukanova A, Jonsson H, Tretli S, Ulmer H, Manjer J, et al. Metabolic syndrome and breast cancer in the me-can (metabolic syndrome and cancer) project. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19:1737-45.
Capasso I, Esposito E, Pentimalli F, Crispo A, Montella M, Grimaldi M, et al. Metabolic syndrome affects breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: National Cancer Institute of Naples experience. Cancer Biol Ther 2010;10:1240-3.
Healy LA, Ryan AM, Carroll P, Ennis D, Crowley V, Boyle T, et al. Metabolic syndrome, central obesity and insulin resistance are associated with adverse pathological features in postmenopausal breast cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2010;22:281-8.
Porto LA, Lora KJ, Soares JC, Costa LO. Metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:1271-6.
Osaki Y, Taniguchi S, Tahara A, Okamoto M, Kishimoto T. Metabolic syndrome and incidence of liver and breast cancers in Japan. Cancer Epidemiol 2012;36:141-7.
Bjørge T, Stocks T, Lukanova A, Tretli S, Selmer R, Manjer J, et al. Metabolic syndrome and endometrial carcinoma. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:892-902.
Rosato V, Zucchetto A, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Montella M, Pelucchi C, et al. Metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer risk. Ann Oncol 2011;22:884-9.
Friedenreich CM, Biel RK, Lau DC, Csizmadi I, Courneya KS, Magliocco AM, et al. Case-control study of the metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk factors for endometrial cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011;20:2384-95.
Stocks T, Rapp K, Bjørge T, Manjer J, Ulmer H, Selmer R, et al. Blood glucose and risk of incident and fatal cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (me-can): Analysis of six prospective cohorts. PLoS Med 2009;6:E1000201.
Häggström C, Rapp K, Stocks T, Manjer J, Bjørge T, Ulmer H, et al. Metabolic factors associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013;8:E57475.
Oh SW, Park CY, Lee ES, Yoon YS, Lee ES, Park SS, et al. Adipokines, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and breast cancer recurrence: A cohort study. Breast Cancer Res 2011;13:R34.
Pais R, Silaghi H, Silaghi AC, Rusu ML, Dumitrascu DL. Metabolic syndrome and risk of subsequent colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:5141-8.
Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Bahl M, Fantus IG, Pritchard KI, Trudeau ME, et al. High insulin levels in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients reflect underlying insulin resistance and are associated with components of the insulin resistance syndrome. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009;114:517-25.
Sánchez L, Lana A, Hidalgo A, Rodríguez JM, Del Valle M del O, Cueto A, et al. Risk factors for second primary tumours in breast cancer survivors. Eur J Cancer Prev 2008;17:406-13.
Borena W, Stocks T, Jonsson H, Strohmaier S, Nagel G, Bjørge T, et al. Serum triglycerides and cancer risk in the metabolic syndrome and cancer (Me-Can) collaborative study. Cancer Causes Control 2011;22:291-9.
Ortiz-Mendoza CM, Velasco-Navarro C. Obesity, a main risk factor for endometrial cancer. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2013;51:260-3.
Glance LG, Wissler R, Mukamel DB, Li Y, Diachun CA, Salloum R, et al. Perioperative outcomes among patients with the modified metabolic syndrome who are undergoing noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2010;113:859-72.
Mehdi I, Shah AH, Moona MS, Verma K, Abussa A, Elramih R, et al. Synchronous and metachronous malignant tumours expect the unexpected. J Pak Med Assoc 2010;60:905-9.
Vidal-Millan S, Zeichner-Gancz I, Flores-Estrada D, Vela-Rodríguez BE, Vazquez-López MI, Robles-Vidal CD, et al. A descriptive study of second primary malignancies associated to breast cancer in a mexican Hispanic population. Med Oncol 2005;22:17-22.
Lee KD, Chen SC, Chan CH, Lu CH, Chen CC, Lin JT, et al. Increased risk for second primary malignancies in women with breast cancer diagnosed at young age: A population-based study in Taiwan. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17:2647-55.
Lana Pérez A, Folgueras Sánchez MV, Díaz Rodríguez S, del Olivo del Valle Gómez M, Cueto Espinar A, López González ML. Survival analysis in multiple cancer patients in Asturias, Spain, 1975-2004. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2008;82:167-77.
Grunfeld E, Moineddin R, Gunraj N, Del Giudice ME, Hodgson DC, Kwon JS, et al. Cancer screening practices of cancer survivors: Population-based, longitudinal study. Can Fam Physician 2012;58:980-6.

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[1] Edgington A, Morgan MA. Looking beyond recurrence: Comorbidities in cancer survivors. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2011;15:E3-12.

[2] Valdivieso M, Kujawa AM, Jones T, Baker LH. Cancer survivors in the United States: A review of the literature and a call to action. Int J Med Sci 2012;9:163-73.

[3] Irimie A, Achimas-Cadariu P, Burz C, Puscas E. Multiple primary malignancies- Epidemiological analysis at a single tertiary institution. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2010;19:69-73.

[4] VanderWalde AM, Hurria A. Second malignancies among elderly survivors of cancer. Oncologist 2011;16:1572-81.

[5] Youlden DR, Baade PD. The relative risk of second primary cancers in Queensland, Australia: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2011;11:83.

[6] Reeves GK, Pirie K, Beral V, Green J, Spencer E, Bull D, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality in relation to body mass index in the Million Women Study: Cohort study. BMJ 2007;335:1134.

[7] Li CI, Daling JR, Porter PL, Tang MT, Malone KE. Relationship between potentially modifiable lifestyle factors and risk of second primary contralateral breast cancer among women diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:5312-8.

[8] Pi-Sunyer X. The medical risks of obesity. Postgrad Med 2009;121:21-33.

[9] Maskarinec G, Pagano I, Lurie G, Bantum E, Gotay CC, Issell BF. Factors affecting survival among women with breast cancer in Hawaii. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011;20:231-7.

[10] Brooks JD, John EM, Mellemkjær L, Reiner AS, Malone KE, Lynch CF, et al. Body mass index and risk of second primary breast cancer: The WECARE Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;131:571-80.

[11] De Haas EC, Oosting SF, Lefrandt JD, Wolffenbuttel BH, Sleijfer DT, Gietema JA. The metabolic Syndrome in cancer survivors. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:193-203.

[12] Russo A, Autelitano M, Bisanti L. Metabolic syndrome and cancer risk. Eur J Cancer 2008;44:293-7.

[13] Elder JP. Mexico and the USA: The world′s leaders in the obesity epidemic. Salud Publica Mex 2013;55 Suppl 3:355.

[14] Cárdenas-Sánchez J, Erazo-Valle A, Maafs E, Poitevin A. National consensus on diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Fourth revision. Colima, Mexico. GAMO 2011;10:1-58.

[15] Agnoli C, Berrino F, Abagnato CA, Muti P, Panico S, Crosignani P, et al. Metabolic syndrome and postmenopausal breast cancer in the ORDET cohort: A nested case-control study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010;20:41-8.

[16] Bjørge T, Lukanova A, Jonsson H, Tretli S, Ulmer H, Manjer J, et al. Metabolic syndrome and breast cancer in the me-can (metabolic syndrome and cancer) project. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19:1737-45.

[17] Capasso I, Esposito E, Pentimalli F, Crispo A, Montella M, Grimaldi M, et al. Metabolic syndrome affects breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: National Cancer Institute of Naples experience. Cancer Biol Ther 2010;10:1240-3.

[18] Healy LA, Ryan AM, Carroll P, Ennis D, Crowley V, Boyle T, et al. Metabolic syndrome, central obesity and insulin resistance are associated with adverse pathological features in postmenopausal breast cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2010;22:281-8.

[19] Porto LA, Lora KJ, Soares JC, Costa LO. Metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:1271-6.

[20] Osaki Y, Taniguchi S, Tahara A, Okamoto M, Kishimoto T. Metabolic syndrome and incidence of liver and breast cancers in Japan. Cancer Epidemiol 2012;36:141-7.

[21] Bjørge T, Stocks T, Lukanova A, Tretli S, Selmer R, Manjer J, et al. Metabolic syndrome and endometrial carcinoma. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:892-902.

[22] Rosato V, Zucchetto A, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Montella M, Pelucchi C, et al. Metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer risk. Ann Oncol 2011;22:884-9.

[23] Friedenreich CM, Biel RK, Lau DC, Csizmadi I, Courneya KS, Magliocco AM, et al. Case-control study of the metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk factors for endometrial cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011;20:2384-95.

[24] Stocks T, Rapp K, Bjørge T, Manjer J, Ulmer H, Selmer R, et al. Blood glucose and risk of incident and fatal cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (me-can): Analysis of six prospective cohorts. PLoS Med 2009;6:E1000201.

[25] Häggström C, Rapp K, Stocks T, Manjer J, Bjørge T, Ulmer H, et al. Metabolic factors associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013;8:E57475.

[26] Oh SW, Park CY, Lee ES, Yoon YS, Lee ES, Park SS, et al. Adipokines, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and breast cancer recurrence: A cohort study. Breast Cancer Res 2011;13:R34.

[27] Pais R, Silaghi H, Silaghi AC, Rusu ML, Dumitrascu DL. Metabolic syndrome and risk of subsequent colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:5141-8.

[28] Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Bahl M, Fantus IG, Pritchard KI, Trudeau ME, et al. High insulin levels in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients reflect underlying insulin resistance and are associated with components of the insulin resistance syndrome. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009;114:517-25.

[29] Sánchez L, Lana A, Hidalgo A, Rodríguez JM, Del Valle M del O, Cueto A, et al. Risk factors for second primary tumours in breast cancer survivors. Eur J Cancer Prev 2008;17:406-13.

[30] Borena W, Stocks T, Jonsson H, Strohmaier S, Nagel G, Bjørge T, et al. Serum triglycerides and cancer risk in the metabolic syndrome and cancer (Me-Can) collaborative study. Cancer Causes Control 2011;22:291-9.

[31] Ortiz-Mendoza CM, Velasco-Navarro C. Obesity, a main risk factor for endometrial cancer. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2013;51:260-3.

[32] Glance LG, Wissler R, Mukamel DB, Li Y, Diachun CA, Salloum R, et al. Perioperative outcomes among patients with the modified metabolic syndrome who are undergoing noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2010;113:859-72.

[33] Mehdi I, Shah AH, Moona MS, Verma K, Abussa A, Elramih R, et al. Synchronous and metachronous malignant tumours expect the unexpected. J Pak Med Assoc 2010;60:905-9.

[34] Vidal-Millan S, Zeichner-Gancz I, Flores-Estrada D, Vela-Rodríguez BE, Vazquez-López MI, Robles-Vidal CD, et al. A descriptive study of second primary malignancies associated to breast cancer in a mexican Hispanic population. Med Oncol 2005;22:17-22.

[35] Lee KD, Chen SC, Chan CH, Lu CH, Chen CC, Lin JT, et al. Increased risk for second primary malignancies in women with breast cancer diagnosed at young age: A population-based study in Taiwan. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17:2647-55.

[36] Lana Pérez A, Folgueras Sánchez MV, Díaz Rodríguez S, del Olivo del Valle Gómez M, Cueto Espinar A, López González ML. Survival analysis in multiple cancer patients in Asturias, Spain, 1975-2004. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2008;82:167-77.

[37] Grunfeld E, Moineddin R, Gunraj N, Del Giudice ME, Hodgson DC, Kwon JS, et al. Cancer screening practices of cancer survivors: Population-based, longitudinal study. Can Fam Physician 2012;58:980-6.

Modified metabolic syndrome and second cancers in women: A case control study

Abstract

Abstract

Keywords

Acknowledgment

References

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