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HEAD AND NECK CANCERS : Original Article
04 (
03
); 123-126
doi:
10.4103/2278-330X.173178

An in vivo cytogenetic analysis of human oral squamous cell carcinoma

Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneshwar
Department of Oncopathology, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Center, Cuttack, Odisha

*Corresponding author: Dr. Abhimanyu Mohanta. amohanta01@gmail.com

Licence
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, transform, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Disclaimer:
This article was originally published by Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. and was migrated to Scientific Scholar after the change of Publisher.

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India, which accounts for over 30% of all cancers reported in the country. The micronucleus test (MNT) is one of the most widely applied short term tests used in genetic toxicology to evaluate the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Aims: The present study aims at an in vivo cytogenetic analysis of human oral squamous cell carcinoma and to assess the applicability of MNT in diagnosing early detection of oral carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Exfoliated scrape smears were collected from the clinically diagnosed 136 patients suffering from oral precancerous and cancerous lesions. The wet fixed smears were stained by adopting Papanicolaou’s staining protocol and counter-stained with Giemsa’s solution. Results: The frequency of micronucleated cells has been observed to be in increasing order with the increase of the age-groups and from control to precancerous to cancerous cases significantly in both sexes. Conclusion: Micronucleus formation in the oral mucosa could be a biomarker of genetic damage and also a potential onco-indicator in the long run of oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, MNT can be applied for the early detection of oral carcinoma in the human being.

Keywords

PubMed

Acknowledgment

Authors are thankful to the Head, P.G. Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha for providing laboratory and library facilities; to the Director and Head, Department of Oncopathology, Acharya Haihar Regional Cancer Center (AHRCC), Cuttack, Odisha for permitting us to collect samples from the oral cancer patients and also for providing library and laboratory facilities. One of us (AM) is grateful to the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India for awarding UGC Research Fellowship to undertake this project.

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